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Ad tech, explained while it happens.

Every ad you see was sold in an auction that took less than a tenth of a second. We follow that machine live, from the news, the stocks and the deals down to the bots trying to cheat it, and explain every part in plain English.

84stories in 24h
34sources worldwide
61stocks tracked
309terms explained
One auction, replayed · Mumbai
Illustrative. Real auctions happen billions of times a day. 0 replayed here, 0 caught as bots.Step through it slowly
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South African Advertisers Face Up to R12 Billion in Annual Ad Fraud Losses

Advertisers in South Africa are reportedly losing as much as R12 billion each year due to ad fraud. This highlights the significant financial impact of fraudulent activity in the country's digital advertising market.

Why it matters: Ad fraud drains budgets and undermines trust in digital advertising, making it harder for brands to reach real audiences and measure campaign effectiveness.

Live wire

All stories

IVT Watch

Fraud desk

12 fraud and invalid-traffic stories this week, up 11 on last week.

Presented byClearTrust· Advanced solutions to prevent ad fraud and boost traffic quality.

Invalid Traffic and Click Fraud Target ChatGPT Ads

Instances of invalid traffic and click fraud have been detected affecting ads related to ChatGPT. This development highlights ongoing challenges in ensuring ad quality and combating fraudulent activity in digital advertising.

Markets

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Sumo Ad Tech Index · 6 mo
116.6 +16.6%
Presented byClearTrust· Clean traffic is good business. Measure yours with the TQI Score™.

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Learn ad tech from zero to expert

Eight tracks, written for someone who has never heard the word “programmatic”, going all the way down to bid shading and SSAI spoofing.

All tracks

Get certified by ClearTrust

Three free Specialist certificates. Earn all three and you are awarded the Yokozuna, sumo’s highest rank.

Start the path
  1. 1SpecialistAd Tech FoundationsHow the internet gets paid, from impressions to identity.4 tracks · 30-question exam
  2. 2SpecialistProgrammatic AdvertisingThe 100-millisecond auction and the money behind it.3 tracks · 30-question exam
  3. 3SpecialistInvalid Traffic & Ad FraudBots, spoofing, MFA, and how fraud gets caught.1 track · 30-question exam
  4. ★All threeYokozunaGrand Champion of Ad Tech, Programmatic & Invalid Traffic3 to go

See how it moves

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Concept of the day

ads.txt

ads.txt (Authorized Digital Sellers) is a public text file on a website's domain listing which ad sellers and accounts are authorised to sell that website's ad inventory.

ads.txt is like a list on a band's official website of the only ticket outlets authorised to sell their concert tickets: anyone else selling is suspect.

Take a quiz (14)Browse 309 terms219 players

Straight answers about ad fraud

The questions people ask most, answered in a paragraph.

All answers

What is invalid traffic in advertising?

Invalid traffic (IVT) is any ad impression, click or visit that was not generated by a real person with a genuine chance of seeing the ad. It includes harmless automation such as search-engine crawlers as well as deliberate fraud like bots, hidden ads and spoofed websites. Advertisers should not pay for it, so the industry filters and measures it.

What is the difference between GIVT and SIVT?

GIVT (general invalid traffic) is non-human traffic that can be caught with simple lists and rules, such as known crawlers, data-center IP addresses and self-declared bots. SIVT (sophisticated invalid traffic) is traffic built to look human, such as hijacked devices, residential-proxy bots, spoofed apps and hidden ads, and it needs advanced analytics to detect.

How much money is lost to ad fraud each year?

Nobody knows precisely; published estimates range from a few billion to more than $80 billion a year depending on methodology. Juniper Research estimated $84 billion (22% of online ad spend) was lost in 2023, rising to $172 billion by 2028. Earlier ANA and White Ops studies put losses nearer $6 billion. All of these are modelled estimates, not audited totals.

How do I know if my ad traffic is fake?

Look for numbers that do not behave like people: very high click-through rates with near-zero conversions, sessions lasting a second or two, traffic spikes at odd hours, clusters of identical devices or browsers, and visits from data centers or unexpected countries. The reliable answer comes from an independent IVT measurement or verification tool rather than from the seller's own reports.